Esta proposta de atividade de Língua Inglesa é destinada aos estudantes do 7º ANO do Ensino Fundamental – Anos Iniciais
Fonte: Canva.com
Coherence and Cohesion in Writing
Coherence and cohesion are two fundamental elements that contribute to the clarity and effectiveness of written communication. Coherence refers to the logical flow of ideas in a text, ensuring that the reader can easily follow the writer’s argument or narrative. It is achieved when ideas are logically connected and each part of the text builds upon the previous one. This logical connection allows the reader to understand the relationship between different parts of the text, making the writing clear and comprehensible.
Cohesion, on the other hand, deals with the linguistic elements that link different parts of the text together. It involves the use of cohesive devices such as conjunctions, pronouns, and transition words to create a smooth flow of ideas. Cohesion ensures that sentences and paragraphs are connected in a way that supports the overall structure of the text. This helps the reader to see the connections between ideas and understand the text as a unified whole.
To achieve coherence in writing, it is essential to organize ideas logically. This can be done by outlining the structure of the text before starting to write. An outline helps to arrange ideas in a sequence that makes sense and allows for a clear progression from one point to the next. Additionally, maintaining a clear focus throughout the text is crucial. The writer should stick to the main topic or argument and avoid including irrelevant information that could distract the reader.
Using topic sentences is another effective strategy to enhance coherence. Each paragraph should begin with a topic sentence that introduces the main idea of the paragraph. This helps the reader to understand the purpose of the paragraph and how it relates to the overall argument or narrative. Providing adequate support for each point with evidence, examples, and explanations also contributes to coherence by making the writer’s arguments clear and convincing.
Cohesion can be improved by using transition words and phrases to link ideas and paragraphs smoothly. Words such as “however,” “therefore,” “moreover,” and “consequently” help to show the relationship between different parts of the text. Referring back to previous information using pronouns and synonyms also aids cohesion by avoiding repetition and maintaining continuity. Employing repetition of key terms or phrases can reinforce important ideas and help the reader to follow the writer’s argument more easily.
Parallel structures are another tool to enhance cohesion. By using similar grammatical structures for related ideas, the writer can create a rhythm and make the text easier to follow. For example, “She likes reading, writing, and jogging” uses a parallel structure that connects the activities in a balanced way. Ensuring sentence variety, by varying the length and structure of sentences, can also keep the reader engaged and highlight the connections between ideas.
In conclusion, coherence and cohesion are crucial for effective writing. Coherence ensures that ideas are logically connected, while cohesion ensures that sentences and paragraphs are linguistically linked. By following these tips, writers can enhance the clarity and flow of their texts, making them more comprehensible and engaging for readers.
Vocabulary:
- Coherence – Coerência.
- Cohesion – Coesão.
- Logical – Lógico.
- Transition – Transição.
- Outline -Esboço.
- Focus – Foco.
- Topic Sentence – Frase tópico.
- Evidence – Evidência.
- Repetition – Repetição.
- Parallel Structure – Estrutura Paralela.
Leia a charge abaixo abaixo e responda as questões sobre a mesma:
Fonte: Canva.com
QUESTION 01
A forma que a charge ilustra a importância da coerência e coesão na comunicação é
(A) mostrando uma conversa que leva à confusão devido à falta de informações claras.
(B) destacando a necessidade de usar a gramática correta nas frases.
(C) enfatizando a importância de usar um dicionário.
(D) mostrando os benefícios de aprender múltiplas línguas.
QUESTION 02
Como a falta de coesão e coerência entre os diálogos dos personagens afeta a compreensão da conversa na charge? Dê exemplos específicos da charge para apoiar sua resposta.
Leia o texto a seguir e responda as questões sobre o mesmo:
Every Saturday, Maria goes to the park with her friends. They play soccer, have a picnic, and enjoy the fresh air. One day, Maria forgot to bring her soccer ball. Her friends were disappointed but decided to play other games instead. They had a great time, and Maria promised to remember the ball next week.
Vocabulary:
Saturday – Sábado
park – Parque
friends – Amigos
soccer – Futebol
enjoy – Aproveitar, desfrutar
forgot – Esqueceu
promised – Prometeu
QUESTION 03
A frase melhor completa o texto mantendo sua coerência e coesão é
(A) Maria e seus amigos foram para a praia.
(B) No sábado seguinte, Maria trouxe duas bolas de futebol por precaução.
(C) Maria prefere jogar basquete.
(D) O parque estava muito lotado naquele dia.
QUESTION 04
Como a coerência e a coesão contribuem para a clareza e a fluidez do texto acima? Cite exemplos específicos do texto para apoiar sua resposta.
| Autoria | Profª Drª Sueidy Lourencio |
| Formação | Letras: Português/Inglês – Doutorado em Educação |
| Componente Curricular | Língua Inglesa |
| Habilidades | (EF07LI13-A) Sistematizar texto em unidades de sentido, dividindo-o em parágrafos ou tópicos e subtópicos, explorando as possibilidades de organização gráfica, de suporte e de formato do texto, para produzir textos escritos sobre fatos e acontecimentos marcantes do passado, entre outros. |
| Referências | MAKAR, Barbara W. Primary Phonics. 1. ed. Chicago: Modern Curriculum Press, 2018. KOUSTAFF, Lesley. Oxford Discover. 2. ed. v. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. FOLEY, Mike; HALL, Diane. New Total English Elementary student’s book, Essex: Pearson. Education Limited, 2011. |